Computers in Sports free essay sample

PCs in Games and Sports Practically everyone has played games computer games on a PC. It’s amusing to pick a group and perceive how well you can play against a â€Å"virtual† rival. Be that as it may, the utilizations for PCs in different games and sports go a long ways past computer games. On the off chance that you ask a cricket bowler how he tosses a ball, he will be unable to let you know. He may state it’s just â€Å"instinct. † It’s something that falls into place without any issues for him. The truth of the matter is that there are approaches to assist bowlers with turning out to be better bowlers and batsmen become better hitters.And PCs are significant in getting this going. Cricket players from the significant alliances down to city and school groups would now be able to have their batting and pitching examined. To begin with, the player’s developments are recorded. At that point, these recorded pictures are moved into a PC. Unique application programming examines the pictures. It quantifies the specific edge at which the player is holding his arms and legs. The speed and effectiveness of each body development is estimated. This procedure is called movement investigation. One pitch can be contrasted and another.This can be helpful in light of the fact that the bowler can perceive how changes in development influence the outcome, (for example, how quick a ball ventures). A few frameworks can even gauge pitching and hitting movements during a genuine game. This permits mentors to give prompt criticism to players. These PC applications additionally can be utilized to analyze the developments of two unique players. These correlations, for instance, can help clarify why various players will in general hit the ball in various ways. There are additionally PC applications that assist mentors with monitoring precisely where each ball crosses the pitch.A radar firearm can be joined to the PC to gauge a pitch’s speed. This data is put away in the PC so the bowler and mentor can consider it later. While movement examination applications are significant devices, it despite everything takes a decent mentor to realize how to decipher the outcomes. The mentor must glance at the data the application gives and afterward use it to enable the player to improve. Everyone knows how significant measurements (or details) are in sports. What number of games has your preferred batsman played for the current year? Which player on the Kolkata Knight Riders has the best batting average?The amount of measurements utilized in sports is colossal. Without PCs, it would be extremely hard to stay up with the latest. Not exclusively are there group insights, however there are additionally measurements on every individual player. For instance, insights on an individual cricket player may incorporate occasions at bat, batting normal, and number of runs scored b him. Spreadsheet applications are regularly used to monitor insights. Spreadsheet applications are PC programs that can store and control numbers. For instance, they can locate the normal of a rundown of twenty numbers. Indeed, even little class groups frequently use spreadsheet applications to monitor player insights. Heading off to a cricket arena is practically similar to setting off to the carnival. There are wieners, popcorn, and a scoreboard complete with a colossal TV-like screen. Arenas, for example, the Eden Gardens Kolkata, have exceptionally complex scoreboards. The new scoreboard is 56 feet tall and 180 feet wide. It incorporates a goliath screen to add to the energy. The most popular kind of monster screen is the Sony Jumbotron. The photos on these screens move from the players to the crowd.They show sketch of the team’s mascot. They may show the words to â€Å"Time Is Up† with the goal that everyone can participate in the singing. These scoreboards and mammoth screens are constrained by a whole gathering of PCs. Every PC supplies the scoreboard with various data. One PC may monitor insights on specific players, while another might contain business notices. These mammoth screens can even be utilized for instructive purposes. In 2000, the University of Tennessee’s sports and material science divisions combined to make a gathering of 60-second videos.These recordings were appeared on the school’s Jumbotron during home games. The motivation behind the recordings was to show fans the study of football. This was a great method to consolidate sports and instruction. Competitors who rely upon speed to win will remain determined to decrease their occasions. Some Olympic swimmers wear full-body â€Å"skinsuits† so they can coast through the water all the more without any problem. Along these lines, it shouldn’t be an amazement to hear that they use PC applications to improve their rates. At the U. S. Olympic Training Center in Colorado, mentors utilize a PC application to create impeccable swimming strokes.This reenactment programming endeavors to duplicate the manner in which water streams around parts of the swimmer’s body, for example, the arms and hands. The swimmer’s objective is to travel through the water as easily as could be expected under the circumstances. Water choppiness can back a swimmer off. The application permits the client to change the places of the swimmer’s hands and arms. The client would then be able to perceive how these progressions influence the measure of water choppiness. This data is utilized to structure the best swimming stroke. Mentors would then be able to instruct swimmers to utilize this stroke to acquire their most prominent speed. Reenactment programming has likewise been utilized to configuration hustling yachts.It can help in deciding how to shape the yacht’s frame so it travels through the water with minimal measure of opposition. PCs have numerous different uses at the Olympics. At the 2010 Winter Games in Salt Lake City, Utah, small PC chips were utilized to follow skiers. A chip was tied to each skier’s lower leg. Electronic gadgets were covered in the snow along the track. At the point when a skier ignored one of the gadgets, his or his chip sent data to the gadget. This data incorporated the skier’s area, speed, and number. This data was sent to a focal PC. Judges and other Olympic authorities could then glance at it.Do you need to know whether the Kolkata Knight Riders have a home game on July 14? Or on the other hand who the Sri Lanka is playing next Wednesday? Simply go to their Web website. Expert, school, and even some secondary school sports groups have their own WEB SITES. The data accessible on sports teams’ Web destinations is astounding. Some of it incorporates: †¢ Schedules. Game dates and areas are accessible. †¢ Statistics. Regularly updated data on groups and individual players is prepared at whatever point you need it. †¢ Team News. Sites contain mentor and player interviews, data on wounds, etc.

Taco Bell - Food Safety free essay sample

Subject:Strategic reaction for open observation and brand insurance in summary emergencies of sanitation. The Stakes:Taco chime face a danger of brand prishment in open observation that Taco ringer is connected in serving or selling colored food item, because of late discovering Cry9c in Taco chime marked items sold in supermarkets across the country, It will likewise convey a similar discernment that Taco chime is serving the equivalent colored taco’s in its eatery, in truth Taco chime has nothing to do with creation of these taco from hereditarily changed corn, these items are being made and dispersed by Kraft food ventures, who is authorized to utilize Taco bell’s exchange name .Taco ringer Franchises: Due to enormous review of all the corn based items from their cafés, there will be considerable monetary weight on proprietors. In addition because of open dread of sanitation there will be loss of offer income. We will compose a custom exposition test on Taco Bell Food Safety or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Taco chime ought to assess all these monetary ramifications and must set up an establishments help support for quite a while. Clients: Taco chime must give essential thought to its clients. Without clients, Taco ringer stops to exist. On the off chance that clients don't believe Taco ringer for its sanitation standard, they will decide to work with the competition.Taco bell’ clients must be persuaded that the organization won't acknowledge anything short of outright uprightness in all of dealings with clients and their wellbeing concerns. Any breaks in sanitation that bargain will be rectified regardless. So as to substantially show that dedication, Taco ringer ought to make a notoriety of going past only reviewing items. Courts and Government Agencies: Since there is no unmistakable administrative rules from the administration offices (FDA,EPA and USDA) with respect to utilization of hereditarily adjusted corn .Taco ringer may confront risk for serving unapproved corn item for human utilization. Taco ringer must have clear methodology to answer this claim if these come any. For most Taco chime should state clear for full participation with government offices in these examination. Investors and financial specialists: Taco chime should likewise recollect that its reaction to this circumstance will significantly affect its investors. At any rate for the time being, stock misfortune and decreased deal income will essentially influence Taco bells’ productivity. It may likewise influence Taco bells’ capacity to raise capital from the market. Representatives: Taco ringer should likewise speak with its workers in new manners that give additional accentuation on sanitation which is their most tidy obligation. All representatives must show the best quality in neatness and cleanliness. Vision for the future We may exploit the seven standards of advertising the board created by Arthur W. Page (Vice President, Public Relations, ATT, 1927 to 1946) to convey to all the partners associated with the situation.Tell the Truth Let the open know whats occurring and give a precise picture of the companys character, beliefs and practices. Taco chime should situate itself as an inviting, caring undertaking, delicate to the many, frequently contrasting, necessities of clients. Demonstrate It with Action Public view of an association is resolved 90 percent by what it does and 10 percent by what it says. Taco chime must show by activity that it care about open wellbeing and their wellbeing . Tune in to the CustomerTo work well for the organization, comprehend what the open needs and needs. Keep top chiefs and different workers educated about open response to organization items, arrangements and practices. Open gathering would be a favorable position to comprehend open concern and Taco ringer must address every one of their interests. Decision A little carelessness could murder the brand and its notoriety for ever. Taco chime could fall under this open recognition about their image. In this way, I might want to demand you to think about my suggestions in settling this approaching emergency.

Oedipus Essays (826 words) - Sophocles, Oedipus, Operas, Hero

Oedipus Sophocles is maybe perhaps the best tragedian ever. Sophocles said that a man ought to never view himself as lucky except if he can think back on his life and recollect that existence without torment. For Oedipus Rex, thinking back is difficult to manage without torment. This agony originates from his prideful life. Oedipus knows that only he is answerable for his activities. Oedipus unreservedly decides to seek after and acknowledge his own life's pulverization. Despite the fact that destiny deceives Oedipus, he is a grievous figure since his own courageous characteristics, his steadfastness to Thebes, and his loyalty to reality ruin him. Oedipus pride, hung from his own chivalrous characteristics, is one factor that destroyed him. A legend prizes regardless of anything else his respect and a mind-blowing greatness. At the point when his respect is in question, every single other thought become immaterial. The legend esteemed quality and aptitude, mental fortitude and assurance, for these properties empowered the individual who had them to accomplish magnificence and respect, both in the course of his life and after he passed on (Rosenburg 38). Oedipus was surely a legend who was especially clever however one can contend that slaughtering four men at Phokis without any assistance more than qualified him as a physical power of retribution. He clearly knew his brave status when he welcomed the petitioning residents of Thebes before the castle entryways saying, I would not have you talk through delivery people, and thusly I have come myself to hear you - I, Oedipus, who bear the acclaimed name(Sophocles 1088). Oedipus is blameworthy of Hubris-that will be, that he is excessively certain about himself, excessively sure about his own forces [and] somewhat undermindful of the divine beings (Brooks 573). Oedipus, a saint of predominant knowledge, likewise shows this firm disposition in his fealty to Thebes. Oedipus' devotion to Thebes is another factor that prompted the grievous figure's ruin. Aristotle clarifies that an unfortunate character is simply and acceptable, however his adversity is achieved not by insidiousness or wickedness yet by mistake, pride, or slightness. Oedipus fits this portrayal impeccably. The narrative of Oedipus interests us due to the scene of a man openly picking, from the most noteworthy thought processes, a progression of activities which lead to his ruin. (Dodds 23). Oedipus could leave the city of Thebes and let the plague follow through to its logical end however feel sorry for the sufferings of his kin constrained him to counsel Delphi (Dodds 23). At the point when Apollo's assertion returns, he could leave the homicide of Laius uninvestigated, however pride and equity cause him to act. Oedipus can not release a homicide examination by without explaining the question of who slaughtered King Laius since his pride overwhelms him. Oedipus' pride uncovers itself again in his faithfulness to reality. Oedipus' consist ent battle to find reality for his kin demolished him most at long last. Despite the fact that he is cautioned ordinarily to quit looking for reality, he continues looking. Oedipus needs to pick between his fate and an elective which whenever acknowledged would double-cross the legend's own origination of himself, his privileges, his obligations, however at long last the saint wouldn't yield; he stays consistent with himself, to his physis (Knox 8). Consequently, one can see Oedipus' have to reveal reality with regards to Laius and afterward about himself as evidence of his pledge to maintain his own inclination, pride. Oedipus' journey for reality accommodates his mental self view as a man of activity, the revealer of truth, and the solver of riddles(Knox 28). He can't live with a falsehood, and along these lines must get familiar with reality behind the dream he has lived for such a long time. Teiresias, Iokaste, and the herder all attempt to stop Oedipus, yet he should peruse the last conundrum, that of his own life. As reality unfurls, the individuals of Thebes consider Oedipus to be prideful and overweening, and they approach Zeus to address his pride (Sewall 36). The saint's cognizant decision to seek after and acknowledge his fate makes him a shocking figure. Oedipus Rex without any assistance demolished his own life through his overweening pride. Oedipus' pride as a legend, a dependable King, and a reality searcher transformed him into a grievous figure. He is a survivor of destiny, yet

August Bournonville free essay sample

This paper investigates the life and accomplishments of August Bournonville, the most observed Danish choreographer ever. The accompanying paper examines August Bournonvilles family life, the manner by which he got the chance to be the head for the Copenhagen Royal Theater, just as their expressive dance ace and move educator. It analyzes the manner by which Bournonville adopted an exceptionally differentiating humanistic strategy to move he would in general spotlight on the excellence found in the customary things. His third little girl, Mathilde, was an instructor; his fourth little girl, Therese was a homemaker, and his child Edmond was a specialist with an effective practice in both Sweden and Denmark. Wilhelmine was the Bournonvilles embraced girl, who appeared to maybe facilitate his blame about his little girl whom he had deserted such a significant number of years sooner in France. It is imperative to interpose that Bournonville kept in correspondence with the new parents of his first-conceived little girl, and he even related with her after she was all alone. We will compose a custom exposition test on August Bournonville or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page He never uncovered to her that he was her dad, yet he supported her financially at any possibility that he had.

The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 3 Free Essays

string(105) of the water similarly as I held the storage compartment of an overhanging pine and flipped myself over the precipice edge. I glared. â€Å"How is that a decent thing?† â€Å"Keeps him alive, doesn’t it? Get it keeps you alive, too.† I gestured. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 3 or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now â€Å"Guess so. Did he say anything regarding anybody else?† I attempted to consider anything odd I’d seen or felt, however Fred was exceptional. The comedians in the al ey today claiming to be superheroes hadn’t been doing anything all of us couldn’t do. â€Å"He discussed Raoul,† Diego stated, the edge of his mouth bending down. â€Å"What skil does Raoul have? Super-stupidity?† Diego grunted. â€Å"Definitely that. In any case, Riley thinks he’s got an attraction †individuals are attracted to him, they fol ow him.† â€Å"Only the psychological y chal enged.† â€Å"Yeah, Riley referenced that. Didn’t appear to be viable on the† †he broke out a respectable impression of Riley’s voice †â€Å" tamer kids.'† â€Å"Tame?† â€Å"I construed that he implied individuals like us, who can think intermittent y.† I didn’t like being cal ed tame. It didn’t sound like something worth being thankful for when you put it that way. Diego’s way sounded better. â€Å"It resembled there was an explanation Riley required Raoul to lead †something’s coming, I think.† A strange shiver spasmed along my spine when he said that, and I sat up straighter. â€Å"Like what?† â€Å"Do you ever consider why Riley is constantly after us to keep a low profile?† I delayed for a large portion of a second prior replying. This wasn’t the line of request I would have anticipated from Riley’s right-hand man. Practically like he was addressing what Riley had let us know. Except if Diego was approaching this for Riley, similar to a covert operative. Discovering what the â€Å"kids† thought of him. However, it didn’t feel like that. Diego’s dim red eyes were open and trusting. What's more, for what reason would Riley care? Possibly the manner in which the others discussed Diego wasn’t dependent on anything genuine. Simply tattle. I addressed him honest y. â€Å"Yeah, real y I was simply contemplating that.† â€Å"We aren’t the main vampires in the world,† Diego said gravely. â€Å"I know. Riley says stuff once in a while. Yet, there can’t be too much. That is to say, wouldn’t we have seen, before?† Diego gestured. â€Å"That’s what I think, as well. Which is the reason it’s really peculiar that she continues making a greater amount of us, don’t you think? â€Å" I grimaced. â€Å"Huh. Since dislike Riley real y likes us or anything†¦.† I delayed once more, standing by to check whether he would repudiate me. He didn’t. He just paused, gesturing somewhat in understanding, so I proceeded. â€Å"And she hasn’t even presented herself. You’re right. I hadn’t took a gander at it that way. Wel, I hadn’t genuine y pondered it at al . Be that as it may, at that point, what do they need us for?† Diego raised one eyebrow. â€Å"Wanna hear what I think?† I gestured attentively. Be that as it may, my uneasiness had nothing to do with him now. â€Å"Like I stated, something is coming. I think she needs assurance, and she put Riley accountable for making the front line.† I thoroughly considered this, my spine prickling once more. â€Å"Why wouldn’t they tel us? Shouldn’t we be, as, keeping watch or something?† â€Å"That would make sense,† he concurred. We took a gander at one another peacefully for a couple of long-appearing seconds. I didn't have anything more, and it didn’t seem as though he did, either. Last y I scowled and stated, â€Å"I don’t know whether I get it †the part about Raoul being useful for anything, that is.† Diego giggled. â€Å"Hard to contend that one.† Then he looked out the windows at the dim early morning. â€Å"Out of time. Better head back before we transform into crispies.† â€Å"Ashes, cinders, we al fal down,† I sang faintly as I got to my feet and col ected my heap. Diego laughed. We made one all the more speedy stop on our way †hit the unfilled Target nearby for large ziplocks and two rucksacks. I doublebagged al my books. Water-harmed pages irritated me. At that point we generally rooftop beat it back to the water. The sky was simply faintly beginning to dark up in the east. We slipped into the sound right under the noses of two neglectful night guards by the enormous ship †beneficial thing for them I was ful or they would have been excessively close for my restraint †and afterward hustled through the dinky water back toward Riley’s place. From the start I didn’t realize it was a race. I was simply swimming quick in light of the fact that the sky was getting lighter. I didn’t regular y push the time this way. In the event that I were being straightforward with myself, I’d practically transformed into an immense vampire geek. I fol owed the guidelines, I didn’t cause inconvenience, I spent time with the most d isagreeable child in the gathering, and I generally returned home early. Be that as it may, at that point Diego genuine y got it going. He advanced beyond me, turned around with a grin that stated, what, can’t you keep up? and afterward began booking it once more. Wel, I wasn’t taking that. I couldn’t genuine y recall whether I’d been the serious kind before †it al appeared to be so distant and irrelevant †yet perhaps I was, on the grounds that I reacted immediately to the chal enge. Diego was a decent swimmer, however I was way more grounded, particular y after simply taking care of. See ya, I mouthed as I passed him, yet I wasn’t sure he saw. I lost him back in obscurity water, and I didn’t sit around hoping to see by the amount I was winning. I just flew through the sound until I hit the edge of the island where the latest of our homes was found. The last one had been a major lodge in Snowvil e-Nowhere in favor of some mountain in the Cascades. Like the last one, this house was remote, had a major storm cellar, and had as of late expired proprietors. I dashed up onto the shal ow stony sea shore and afterward delved my fingers into the sandstone feign and flew up. I heard Diego come out of the water similarly as I held the storage compartment of an overhanging pine and flipped myself over the precipice edge. You read The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 3 in class Exposition models Two things grabbed my eye as I landed tenderly on the bal s of my feet. One: it was genuine y light out. Two: the house was no more. Wel, not so much gone. Some of it was stil obvious, yet the space the house had once involved was vacant. The rooftop had col apsed into worn out, precise wooden trim, singed dark, drooping lower than the front entryway had been. The sun was rising quick. The dark pine trees were demonstrating traces of evergreen. Before long the paler tips would contrast the dim, and at about that point I would be dead. Or then again extremely dead, or whatever. This second parched, superhuman life would go up in an abrupt explosion of blazes. Also, I could just envision that the burst would be incredibly, excruciating. This wasn’t the first run through I’d seen our home obliterated †with al the battles and flames in the storm cellars, a large portion of them kept going just half a month †however it was the first opportunity I’d arrive over the location of annihilation with the primary black out beams of daylight undermining. I sucked in a heave of stun as Diego arrived alongside me. â€Å"Maybe tunnel under the roof?† I murmured. â€Å"Would that be sufficiently protected or †?† â€Å"Don’t go nuts, Bree,† Diego stated, sounding excessively quiet. â€Å"I know a spot. C’mon.† He did a smooth reverse somersault off the feign edge. I didn’t figure the water would be a sufficient channel to hinder the sun. Be that as it may, perhaps we couldn’t consume on the off chance that we were lowered? It appeared to be a genuine y poor arrangement to me. Be that as it may, rather than burrowing under the wore out hul of the destroyed house, I dove off the bluff behind him. I wasn’t certain about my thinking, which was a weird inclination. Regular y I did what I generally did †fol owed the everyday practice, did what seemed well and good. I got up to speed to Diego in the water. He was dashing once more, yet with straightforward this time. Dashing the sun. He whipped around a point on the little island and afterward dove profound. I was astounded he didn’t hit the rough floor of the sound, and increasingly astonished when I could feel the impact of hotter current spilling out of what I had thought was close to an outcropping of rock. Shrewd of Diego to have a spot this way. Certainly, it wasn’t going to be enjoyable to sit in a submerged cave al day †not breathing began to aggravate following a couple of hours †however it was better than detonating into cinders. I ought to have been thinking as was Diego. Considering some different option from blood, that is. I ought to have been set up for the unforeseen. Diego propped up through a thin cleft in the stones. It was dark as ink in here. Safe. I couldn’t swim any longer †the space was too close †so I mixed through like Diego, moving through the winding space. I continued sitting tight for him to stop, however he didn’t. Out of nowhere I understood that we genuine y were going up. And afterward I heard Diego hit the surface. I was out a half second after he was. The cavern was close to a smal gap, a tunnel about the size of a Volkswagen Beetle, however not as tal as that. A subsequent slither space drove out the back, and I could taste the outside air originating from that bearing. I could see the state of Diego’s fingers rehashed and again in the surface of the limestone wal s. â€Å"Nice place,† I said. Diego grinned. â€Å"Better than Freaky Fred’s backside.† â€Å"I can’t contend with that. Um

Why Some People Are More Prone to Depression

Why Some People Are More Prone to Depression Depression Causes Print Why Some People Are More Prone to Depression Than Others By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 14, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Josef Lindau / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Causes of Depression Biological Factors Environment Factors Social Factors Lifestyle Factors View All Why do some people experience depression while others dontâ€"even when under the same circumstances? Figuring out what makes someone more prone to clinical depression continues to be one of the most pressing questions for researchers and mental health professionals. Although researchers don’t have an exact answer as to why some people are more prone to depression than others, theres likely more than one causative factor. Research has implicated everything from physical and chemical differences in the brain to social and environmental risk factors.?? The complexity of depression is what makes it a challenging condition to diagnose and treat. Understanding what could make a person more likely to experience depression is the first step in developing prevention and treatment strategies tailored to reduce individual vulnerability to the condition.??   Developing a more complete understanding of the various mechanisms that drive depression could also help researchers get better at predicting who will get depressed as well as predicting how the condition will present over time. ?? With this information, mental health professionals would be better prepared to predict how a person might respond to antidepressants or other forms of therapeutic treatment.   What Causes Depression?   According to the World Health Organization, over 300 million people worldwide live with depression. While the experience of depression is shared by many, the contributing factors will be different for each person with the condition.   There are some factors, like genetics, that you don’t have control over. However, there are others, such as your diet, that can be modified. While making a change wont necessarily prevent depression, it may help reduce your risk.   Whether you can change them or not, its helpful to be aware of factors that could make you more likely to develop depression in your lifetime. Just remember that researchers are still figuring out the role each factor plays. Having oneâ€"or even severalâ€"of the factors thought to contribute to depression doesn’t mean you will definitely become depressed.   Depression is common in people of all ages, races, gender identities, and socioeconomic status. According to the 2017 report from the National Institute of Mental Health, depression affects approximately 17.3 million people in the United States. And in 2018, the CDC reported that approximately 1.9 million children (ages 3â€"17) in the U.S. have been diagnosed with depression. Depression Statistics Everyone Should Know Biological Factors Some risk factors for depression are rooted in your biology. Brain Chemistry   Researchers dont agree on precisely how brain chemicals relate to depression, but the connection has been discussed for many decades. Some established theories suggest that low certain levels of neurotransmitters (which the brain cells use to send signals to each other) could cause depression. Other researchers have proposed that being depressed causes low levels, rather than it being the other way around. The relationship may even go both ways.   What is known is that some people with depression feel better when they take medications that work on these neurotransmitters. However, researchers aren’t convinced this is enough to prove specific relationships between brain chemistry and depression, in large part because some people with depression don’t feel better when they take antidepressants.   The Chemistry of Depression Genetics Researchers know that people who have family members who are depressed are more likely to become depressed themselves. But having a family history of depression doesn’t mean you will experience depression in your lifetime.?? There are still other factors that have to line up in order for a genetic predisposition to result in depression. That said, large genome-wide study published in The American Journal of Psychiatry in 2019 found that people with a genetic predisposition for major depression have an increased risk for suicide attempts across psychiatric disorders. Chronic Pain and Illness Depression is common in people living with chronic illnesses such as multiple sclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and migraines. Research has shown that chronic pain conditions may cause biochemical changes that lead to symptoms of depression.?? A person with chronic pain and illness may become depressed due to their situation, especially when they are facing a loss of quality of life, a reduced level of day-to-day functioning, prolonged pain, and/or death.?? It’s also been shown that people who are diagnosed with one mental illness are more likely to develop another.?? Conditions such as anxiety and depression commonly co-occur. While different mental health conditions may be diagnosed at the same time and can influence one another, they may need to be treated in different ways.   Hormones Certain hormonal shifts can increase your risk of depression as well. For example, the hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, giving birth, and menopause can all contribute to depression.   The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that around 1 in 9 women in the U.S. report experiencing postpartum depression. And according to a 2010 study, approximately 4% of fathers report depression in the first year after a child is born.   It’s also not unusual for people with thyroid conditions to experience depression.?? While symptoms tend to be more common in people with a low-functioning thyroid (hypothyroidism), people with an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) can also experience anxiety and depression. Environment Factors Environmental factors also appear to play a role in the development of depression in some people. Early Trauma and Abuse One of the more well-studied depression risk factors is trauma in early childhood. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are known to increase a person’s lifetime risk of developing both mental and chronic physical illness, including depression.?? Research into ACEs is ongoing, but previous studies have confirmed a strong link between specific childhood experiences and depression later in life.   The CDC groups ACEs into three types: Abuse (physical, emotional, sexual)Neglect (physical, emotional)Household Dysfunction (domestic violence, divorce, substance use, a parent who is mentally ill, a parent who is incarcerated) An individual’s ACE score is strongly linked to their risk of mental and physical illness, poverty, and even early death.  Risk increases as the number of ACEs increases and a person with four or more ACEs is at the highest risk. Researchers believe that child abuse may change the brain physically, as well as alter its connectivity structure.?? Studies have also shown that neuroendocrine function may be altered in people who experienced high levels of stress as children.?? A 2019 study from the Massachusetts General Hospital has even proposed that traumatic experiences in the first three years of life may even change a childs DNA. How Child Abuse Changes the Brain Poverty According to a 2015 survey from the American Psychological Association, 64% of American adults said money was a significant source of stress in their lives.  People living in poverty were twice as likely to have depression compared to those living at or above the poverty level.?? Not only does living in poverty place a person at higher risk for depression but if they are unable to work or do not have access to support and social services, mental illness can make it harder for someone to break out of a cycle of socioeconomic disadvantage.?? Several studies and pilot programs have shown that when people with mental illness were given financial assistance, symptoms of depression and anxiety improved.?? Environmental Exposures Where a person lives can also have an impact on mental health in a number of ways. For example, some people report they become depressed during certain months of the year, sometimes called seasonal affective disorder (SAD). There are also studies that cite pollution and other environmental exposures as potential contributing factors to depression.?? For example, some research has linked lead exposure in childhood to poor mental health later in life. In another study, children who grew up in areas with poor air quality appeared to be more likely to be depressed or be diagnosed with conduct disorder by the time they turned 18. Your environment can also be an asset to your mental health. Research has shown that spending time in nature can help people cope with depression, and a 2019 study found kids who spent time in nature had better mental health as adults. Social Factors In addition to biological and environmental factors, social factors such as a persons personality, experiences of stress and conflict, and even social media can also influence depression risk. Personality Certain personality traits, including low self-esteem, pessimism, neuroticism, and being self-critical or a perfectionist have been associated with a greater tendency toward depression and other mental health conditions, such as anxiety and eating disorders.?? Researchers are especially interested in learning more about a personality trait that may make someone less likely to experience depression. Resilience, or the qualities or traits that make some people more likely to “bounce back” from adverse experiences, may also be key to preventing and treating depression.?? Personality Traits and Depression Stress and Conflict Major life eventsâ€"including traditionally positive events like getting married or negative events like losing a jobâ€"can all create stress. When we are stressed, our cortisol levels rise. One theory is that high levels of cortisol (especially when they are chronically elevated) could affect serotonin levels.?? Work-related stress, in particular, can be a driver of depression. Losing a job is an obvious stressor, but the work environment can also contribute to stressâ€"especially if it doesnt feel supportive. According to APA-sponsored polls from 2017, 2018, and 2019, only half of U.S.  workers report feeling that they can discuss mental health openly at work.   Conflict at work or school can also make it more likely a person will become depressed. A 2010 study in Japan linked interpersonal conflict at work to depression (particularly among male employees with a higher socioeconomic status). The year before, researchers in Sweden had published a study showing that having serious conflicts with coworkers or bosses, and/or feeling excluded or left out at work, contributed to depression in employees. The Main Causes of Stress It’s not just adults who experience conflict away from home: Kids and teens can encounter interpersonal challenges at school that have the potential to affect their short and long term mental and physical health.   A 2017 report from the National Center for Education Statistics found that 20% of students between the ages of 12â€"18 said they had been bullied at school in the previous year. According to the CDC, kids who are bullied are more likely to experience mental health problems, including anxiety and depression. They’re also more likely to have physical ailments, particularly headaches and stomachaches.   Going through conflicts with friends and/or family may also increase the chances that a person who is prone to depression will develop the condition.?? Grief Grieving is a process that can look and feel like depression, except that it usually follows a particular timeframe beginning with an event (such as the death of a loved one) and gradually moving toward resolution or a stage of acceptance.?? Researchers are learning, though, that bereavement can take on the qualities of a condition similar to clinical depression, particularly in terms of how long it persists (years as opposed to months).?? Complicated grief, as it is often termed, appears to be more likely when someone loses a loved one in a sudden, unexpected, and especially violent way (such as a car accident).?? Additional studies are needed to formally define complicated grief as a distinct condition, but it appears to have a relationship to depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).?? The stress caused by a death, major loss, or another life stressor can be enough to trigger an episode of depression in someone who already possesses the tendency towards this condition. The Difference Between Grief and Depression Social Media While the research is still fairly new and ongoing, many studies have investigated the effect of social media on mental health, especially in young people.??   Several studies have indicated that social media use can trigger depressive symptoms and anxiety through insecurity, comparison,?? “fear of missing out,”?? and bullying/harassment (which, whether experienced in-person or online, raises a child’s lifetime risk for depression).?? Overuse of social media may also contribute to depression by reducing a person’s level of physical activity and real-life interaction. A sedentary lifestyle and being socially isolated are two factors that can contribute to poor mental health independent of social media habits.??   The research hasn’t been all bad, though. Technology, the internet, and social media may also prove useful for helping to detect and manage depression.?? The Best Online Resources for Depression Lifestyle Factors Last, but not least, lifestyle factors from the medications you take to your diet can have an effect on your risk of experiencing depression. Prescription Medications Certain medications are known to have the potential to increase a person’s risk of depression, including: Statins??Accutane??Beta-blockers??Corticosteroids??Interferon-alpha?? Medications used to treat mental illness and sleep disorders can also worsen or cause depression in some people.?? People under the age of 25 are at some increased risk for increased suicidality after starting certain antidepressants. Therefore, the FDA has given these medications a black box warning.   Drugs That Can Cause Depression Substance Use It’s not uncommon for people with mental illness to self-medicate with drugs and alcohol. However, it’s also important to note that not unlike certain prescription medications, illicit drugs can also make a person feel depressed.   According to data from the  National Alliance on Mental Health’s Drug and Health Survey, 7.9 million people in the U.S. were living with both depression and a substance use disorder in 2014.   When substance use and depression occur at the same time (sometimes called “dual diagnosis) it can be difficult to find the right treatment.?? People often require a diverse team of doctors and mental health professionals with experience in substance use disorders for support. If a person needs to withdraw from a substance, its sometimes safest for them to do so under medical care.  Treatment at a mental health facility can also help a person address both substance use disorders and symptoms of depression that may accompany them.   How Substance Use Can Lead to Mood Disorders Diet and Physical Activity Recent studies have indicated that adults with mild depression may be able to prevent an episode of major depression through a combination of lifestyle changes. Gut microbes and diet may also play a role in the development of depression.?? Some research has also shown that certain diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, might help older adults avoid depression.?? On the other hand, diets that are high in sugar and trans fat, especially heavily processed food, can promote or worsen depression, especially when paired with a sedentary lifestyle.?? A possible reason for the link is that diets high in these foods can lead to weight gain. In fact, a 2018 study  found that people were more likely to become depressed if they were overweightâ€"even if the extra weight wasn’t causing other health problems such as high blood pressure or type 2 diabetes. The benefits of exercise for our health are well known, but we are learning more about how exercising can help people with depression manage their symptoms.?? Several recent studies confirmed previous research indicating that regular exercise and a healthy diet doesn’t just help people manage depression, but can help prevent it.?? How Physical Activity Affects Mental Health A Word From Verywell Each person’s experience of living with depression will vary, as will the individual factors that contribute to the development and course of the condition. Mental illness is common and treatable, but it can take time to find the safest and most effective treatment. Working with doctors and mental health professionals, developing coping strategies at work and school, and having support from family and friends are of vital importance to every person living with depression, as well as those with risk factors for developing the condition in their lifetime. The 7 Best Online Resources for Depression

Beliefs and The Existence of God - Free Essay Example

In Meditations on First Philosophy, Renà © Descartes attempts to rebuild his beliefs from the ground up, accepting only those he can be absolutely certain of. In order to decide the certainty of a belief, Descartes creates proofs through a series of questions and statements. Each belief he attempts to prove is thoroughly explained in a new Meditation. In Meditation III specifically, Descartes attempts to prove the existence of God. However, proving the existence of God does not serve solely for the renewal of his beliefs. Instead, it is to actually disprove the existence of an idea he has already shared. In Meditation I, Descartes introduces and explains the origins of doubt. He claims he cannot even know if what he believes he sees is actually what he sees. In order to explain why this is so, Descartes declares, Accordingly, I will suppose an evil genius, supremely powerful and clever, who has directed his entire effort at deceiving me. (12) Here he is reasoning that a demon, or evil genius, exists whose job is to merely deceive and consequently this causes doubt in perception. Thus far, there is nothing to prove this demon is or is not real, so Descartes must recognize this idea as it possibly being true. In Meditation III, Descartes proclaims, And certainly, because I have no reason for thinking that there is a God who is a deceiver the basis for doubting, depending as it does merely on the above hypothesis, is very tenuous and, so to speak, metaphysical. But in order to remove even this basis for doubt, I should at the first opportunity inquire whether there is a God (20) He knows that God, being an all perfect being, would not deceive him, and he knows there cannot be a being more powerful than God to overrule this. So, in proving the existence of God, he proves that no being could deceive another; therefore, there cannot be an evil demon and his perceptions are clear. However, in attempting to establish Gods existence, it can be said that Descartes is misguided, and his reasoning is problematic. It is understood that Descartes must prove that God exists in order to rule out the evil demon. And by ruling out the demon he ultimately assures himself that what he clearly and distinctly perceives is true because he will not be deceived by a greater being. It is also understood that Descartes already has an idea of God as he tells in Meditation Three: It is indeed an idea that is utterly clear and distinct; for whatever I clearly and distinctly perceive to be real and true and to involve some perfection is wholly contained in that idea. The result is that, of all the ideas that are in me, the idea that I have of God is the most true, the most clear and distinct. (26) Here, Descartes claims that he cannot doubt the existence of God, because he already has a clear and distinct perception of Him. These two understandings are completely conflicting. In one instance he claims he cannot have clear and distinct perceptions unless he knows God exists, but in the other he claims he already knows God exists because he has a clear and distinct perception of Him. He faces what is known as the Cartesian Circle, where the opposing ideas are in a constant circle. How can it be that he already has a clear and distinct perception of something that proves he has clear and distinct perceptions? This fault leads the reader to believe Descartes argument and proof is largely misguided and cannot be trusted. Through first examination, it appears Descartes reasoning for proving the existence of God is sound. In his case, it is logical to want to disprove the existence of a demon that causes another to doubt. However, when given a closer look, it is clear Descartes ideas and reasons given in proving the existence of God contradict one another giving a sense of unreliability to his work.

John Krakauer s Into The Wild - 847 Words

John Krakauer’s novel Into The Wild, tells the story of a young man who intends to disappear from society, and contains numerous relatable themes. Although difficult for many to understand his reasoning in doing so, Krakauer intends to demonstrate to readers the positives and negatives of such an experience. Upon thorough examination of this piece of writing, it is possible to truly gain a vast amount of self-knowledge in relation to the text. A tale full of invitations to face ourselves, John Krakauer’s Into The Wild prompts me to examine myself in respect to concepts of great significance such as materialism, conformity, and intimacy. While explaining to readers that Chris McCandless has given up all material possessions, John Krakauer made me reflect on myself and my many materialistic values. Parallel to McCandless, I deem material objects such as clothing, currency, vehicles, and much more absolutely vital to my happiness. However in this novel, McCandless is â₠¬Å"unheeded, happy and near to the wild heart of life† with nothing but mere necessities for survival (Krakauer, 1996). Not only have I placed these objects at high value to myself, but reading this novel I have begun to sense that by doing so I have missed out on the pure happiness that could be derived simply from life itself. McCandless is on a quest for a â€Å"raw, transcendent experience† and purely rejects materialism, yet â€Å"his spirit is soaring† (Krakauer, 1996). He demonstrates this by donating the remainderShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Travels With Charley And Into The Wild 1414 Words   |  6 PagesThe two novels, Travels with Charley and Into the Wild are two unique novels about separate individuals who choose to travel in order to seek what they are looking for. McCandless, from Into the Wild, is a young man who travels to Alaska to seek for the freedom he wanted and to escape from the reality he was living. John, from Travels with Char ley, is a retired citizen who decides to go on a journey to witness what the American people have become. John comes across New Orleans, a place in where judgmentRead MoreThe Five Is of of Transcendentalism in the Modern Day1187 Words   |  5 Pagesrelatively foreign word to most, it can be defined by using five is: individualism, inspiration, intuition, idealism and imagination which are displayed on all platforms of music today. The different music genres may vary between music from the late 1990s and childrens movies today. The constantly growing and changing world is trying its best to sway and alter the minds of the common people by using as many influential platforms possible from ads on television, entertainment in the theaters, politicsRead MoreThe Wild By Jon Krakauer1522 Words   |  7 Pagesvictories.† (Richard M. Nixon). In his investigative biography, Into the Wild, Jon Krakauer, expresses that even though young people can be ignorant and take treacherous risks, these can be used as knowledge enhancers and can be life changers. Krakauer gives us insight by giving examples of what risk really are, how people take them, and how it actually affects those people. Throughout the whole book there are instances where krakauer uses real life examples of things that have happened where people haveRead MoreThe Wild, By Jon Krakauer1464 Words   |  6 Pagesvictories.† (Richard M. Nixon). In his investigative biography, Into the Wild, Jon Krakauer, expresses that even though young people can be ignorant and take treacherous risks, these can be used as knowledge enhancers and can be life changers. Krakauer gives us insight by giving examples of what risk really are, how people take them, and how it actually affects those people. Throughout the whole book, there are instances where Krakauer uses real life examples of things that have happened where people haveRead MoreChris McCandless is NOT a Hero1239 Words   |  5 PagesInto the Wild, written by John Krakauer tells of a young man named Chris McCandless who 1d eserted his college degree and all his worldly possessions in favor of a primitive transient life in the wilderness. Krakauer first told the story of Chris in an article in Outside Magazine, but went on to write a thorough book, which encompasses his life in the hopes to explain what caused him to venture off alone into the wild. McCandless’ story soon became a national phenomenon, and had many people questioningRead MoreReading Response Journals For Into The Wild1381 Words   |  6 PagesBetsy Rodriguez Mrs. Robinson AP English and Composition Reading Response Journals for â€Å"Into the Wild† Journal # 1 29, July 2016 The first scene starts off with Gallien driving four miles picking up a hitchhiker that was shivering on the side of the road asking to be taken to to the unmarked wilderness in Alaska. The guy would say his last name as though he was trying to hide something. Gallien impeditilly thought that McCandless was just another delusional visitor to the Alaskan Frontier. WhenRead MoreInto The Wild By John Krakauer1735 Words   |  7 PagesInto the Wild Analysis John Krakauer’s depiction of the tragic life of Chris McCandless in the award winning novel â€Å"Into the Wild† creates different schools of thought that brew a perfect storm for debate. 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Washington and McCandless are similar because they did something most people would not. They both stepped out of the ordinary society and decided to do what they think is best. For example, Washington led the Continental Army against the great British Empire, and Chris left his

What Is a Schema in Psychology Definition and Examples

A schema is a cognitive structure that serves as a framework for one’s knowledge about people, places, objects, and events. Schemas help people organize their knowledge of the world and understand new information. While these mental shortcuts are useful in helping us make sense of the large amount of information we encounter on a daily basis, they can also narrow our thinking and result in stereotypes. Key Takeaways: Schema A schema is a mental representation that enables us to organize our knowledge into categories.Our schemas help us simplify our interactions with the world. They are mental shortcuts that can both help us and hurt us. We use our schemas to learn and think more quickly. However, some of our schemas may also be stereotypes that cause us to misinterpret or incorrectly recall information.There are many types of schemas, including object, person, social, event, role, and self schemas.Schemas are modified as we gain more information. This process can occur through assimilation or accommodation. Schema: Definition and Origins The term schema was first introduced in 1923 by developmental psychologist Jean Piaget. Piaget proposed a stage theory of cognitive development that utilized schemas as one of its key components. Piaget defined schemas as basic units of knowledge that related to  all aspects of the world. He suggested that different schemas are mentally applied in appropriate situations to help people both comprehend and interpret information. To Piaget, cognitive development hinges on an individual acquiring more schemas and increasing the nuance and complexity of existing schemas. The concept of schema was later described by psychologist Frederic Bartlett in 1932. Bartlett conducted experiments that tested how schemas factored into people’s memory of events. He said that people organize concepts into mental constructs he dubbed schemas. He suggested that schemas help people process and remember information. So when an individual is confronted with information that fits their existing schema, they will interpret it based on that cognitive framework. However, information that doesn’t fit into an existing schema will be forgotten. Examples of Schemas For example, when a child is young, they may develop a schema for a dog. They know a dog walks on four legs, is hairy, and has a tail. When the child goes to the zoo for the first time and sees a tiger, they may initially think the tiger is a dog as well. From the child’s perspective, the tiger fits their schema for a dog. The child’s parents may explain that this is a tiger, a wild animal. It is not a dog because it doesn’t bark, it doesn’t live in peoples houses, and it hunts for its food. After learning the differences between a tiger and a dog, the child will modify their existing dog schema and create a new tiger schema. As the child grows older and learns more about animals, they will develop more animal schemas. At the same time, their existing schemas for animals like dogs, birds, and cats will be modified to accommodate any new information they learn about animals. This is a process that continues into adulthood for all kinds of knowledge. Types of Schemas There are many kinds of schemas that assist us in understanding the world around us, the people we interact with, and even ourselves. Types of schemas include: Object schemas, which help us understand and interpret inanimate objects, including what different objects are and how they work. For example, we have a schema for what a door is and how to use it. Our door schema may also include subcategories like sliding doors, screen doors, and revolving doors.Person schemas, which are created to help us understand specific people. For instance, one’s schema for their significant other will include the way the individual looks, the way they act, what they like and don’t like, and their personality traits.Social schemas, which help us understand how to behave in different social situations. For example, if an individual plans to see a movie, their movie schema provides them with a general understanding of the type of social situation to expect when they go to the movie theater.Event schemas, also called scripts, which encompass the sequence of actions and behaviors one expects during a given event. For example, when an individual goe s to see a movie, they anticipate going to the theater, buying their ticket, selecting a seat, silencing their mobile phone, watching the movie, and then exiting the theater.Self-schemas, which help us understand ourselves. They focus on what we know about who we are now, who we were in the past, and who we could be in the future.Role schemas, which encompass our expectations of how a person in a specific social role will behave. For example, we expect a waiter to be warm and welcoming. While not all waiters will act that way, our schema sets our expectations of each waiter we interact with. Modification of Schema As our example of the child changing their dog schema after encountering a tiger illustrates, schemas can be modified. Piaget suggested that we grow intellectually by adjusting our schemas when new information comes from the world around us. Schemas can be adjusted through: Assimilation, the process of applying the schemas we already possess to understand something new.Accommodation, the process of changing an existing schema or creating a new one because new information doesn’t fit the schemas one already has. Impact on Learning and Memory Schemas help us interact with the world efficiently. They help us categorize incoming information so we can learn and think more quickly. As a result, if we encounter new information that fits an existing schema, we can efficiently understand and interpret it with minimal cognitive effort. However, schemas can also impact what we pay attention to and how we interpret new information. New information that fits an existing schema is more likely to attract an individual’s attention. In fact, people will occasionally change or distort new information so it will more comfortably fit into their existing schemas. In addition, our schemas impact what we remember. Scholars William F. Brewer and James C. Treyens demonstrated this in a 1981 study. They individually brought 30 participants into a room and told them that the space was the office of the principal investigator. They waited in the office and after 35 seconds were taken to a different room. There, they were instructed to list everything they remembered about the room they had just been waiting in. Participants’ recall of the room was much better for objects that fit into their schema of an office, but they were less successful at remembering objects that didn’t fit their schema. For example, most participants remembered that the office had a desk and a chair, but only eight recalled the skull or bulletin board in the room. In addition, nine participants claimed that they saw books in the office when in reality there weren’t any there. How Our Schemas Get Us Into Trouble The study by Brewer and Trevens demonstrates that we notice and remember things that fit into our schemas but overlook and forget things that don’t. In addition, when we recall a memory that activates a certain schema, we may adjust that memory to better fit that schema. So while schemas can help us efficiently learn and understand new information, at times they may also derail that process. For instance, schemas can lead to prejudice. Some of our schemas will be stereotypes, generalized ideas about whole groups of people. Whenever we encounter an individual from a certain group that we have a stereotype about, we will expect their behavior to fit into our schema. This can cause us to misinterpret the actions and intentions of others. For example, we may believe anyone who is elderly is mentally compromised. If we meet an older individual who is sharp and perceptive and engage in an intellectually stimulating conversation with them, that would challenge our stereotype. However, instead of changing our schema, we might simply believe the individual was having a good day. Or we might recall the one time during our conversation that the individual seemed to have trouble remembering a fact and forget about the rest of the discussion when they were able to recall information perfectly. Our dependence on our schemas to simplify our interactions with the world may cause us to maintain incorrect and damaging stereotypes. Sources Brewer, William F., and James C. Treyens. Role of Schemata in Memory for Places. Cognitive Psychology, vol. 13, no. 2, 1981, pp. 207-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(81)90008-6Carlston, Don. â€Å"Social Cognition.† Advanced Social Psychology: The State of the Science, edited by Roy F. Baumeister and Eli J. Finkel, Oxford University Press, 2010, pp. 63-99Cherry, Kendra. The Role of a Schema in Psychology. VeryWell Mind, 26 June 2019. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-schema-2795873McLeod, Saul. â€Å"Jean Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development.†Ã‚  Simply Psychology, 6 June 2018.  https://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.htmlSchemas and Memory. Psychologist World. https://www.psychologistworld.com/memory/schema-memory

Theme Of Foreshadowing In The Cask Of Amontillado - 945 Words

In the short stories â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allen Poe and â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’Connor, foreshadowing is used to foretell the events to come. Throughout the stories, clues are used to give the reader a glimpse of the ending. These hints imply unfortunate events, such as death, will take place. Both authors use foreshadowing to give enough information for the reader to make an educated guess about the ending, but not too much to where it is given away. In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† foreshadowing is used to keep the audience interested by creating suspense and small innuendos that give insight into the ending. Foreshadowing is used as soon as the story begins when Montresor, the narrator, states that he†¦show more content†¦As the pair walk down further and further into the catacomb Montresor keeps feeding wine to Fortunato to keep him compliant. He gives one bottle of De Grà ¢ve to Fortunato, a wine t hat comes from the Graves part of France (394). The mention of graves is foreshadowing for Fortunato’s very near future. When the two start a conversation about being masons, Montresor reveals a trowel from underneath his cloak (394). This item causes the reader to wonder why Montresor would have the trowel and does it have to do with the revenge of Fortunato. Finally, all the readers questions and guesses are answered when Montresor begins to bury Fortunato alive in the catacombs (395). Poe used foreshadowing to create anticipation to keep the readers interested and engaged in the story. O’Connor uses this same technique in a similar fashion to keep readers engaged as well. In â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† foreshadowing is used by O’Connor to create a suspenseful story but also notify the reader of the ending, similar that of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†. The first use of foreshadow occurs when the grandma mentions The Misfit’s escape (O’Connor 352); The Misfit’s name is mentioned again by the grandmother later on as well when the family is at a restaurant (357). The repeated mention of his name should have alerted the reader to his possible involvement in the story later on. Many small details that someShow MoreRelatedThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allen Poe851 Words   |  4 PagesThe truth about â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† Do hate someone, but act like they are your best friend to get something that you want from them? Edgar Allen Poe does in his story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† as he uses Montresor to tell Fortunato’s journey to catacombs and how he â€Å"conceives and executes an ingenious plan... for revenging† Fortunato (Gruesser 129). In â€Å"The cask of Amontillado† Poe uses tone, plot devices, and the setting to present the theme of appearances masking reality. 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One may also ask did Poe accurately depict realism in each story? Realism, defined as a technique in literature that accurately represents every day life, is questioned in Poe’s works: â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Cask ofRead MoreCask of Amontillado Thesis Theme1058 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Cask of Amontillado, Edgar Allen Poe displays the theme of revenge. In the story, Montressor narrates the story and feels he has been wronged by Fortunado and vows for vengeance against him. Montressor attempts to justify his future crime to the reader. â€Å"A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong.† (Poe 101) Fortunado is unaware of the wrong he caused MontressorRead MoreThe Oval Portrait By Edgar Allan Poe1490 Words   |  6 Pagesreading his writing. Poe has very many stories he is known for two of those short stories being; â€Å"The Oval Portrait† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†. The short story â€Å"The Oval Portrait†, written by Edgar Allan Poe is a story about how when taking a job on, there is a fine line of someone enjoying what they do or getting too invested in it. The characters, setting, symbolisms, and themes help the reader get a better understanding of this reading. There are four main characters in the story by Poe; the narratorRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Cask Of Amontillado 982 Words   |  4 Pages The Cask of Amontillado (p. 1846) Kaylie Turner The short story, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is very much influenced by the author’s life. Edgar Allen Poe never knew his parents; his mother died when he was three and his father left him. In consequence, he went to live with John and Frances Allen, in Richmond, Virginia. When, the Allens wouldn’t give him enough money to go to the University of Virginia, he gambled to pay his tuition and ended up in debt. This was atrocious for him, but more adversityRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado Analysis Essay779 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story, The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe, the reader finds out the series of events that leads to a man named Fortunados death. The narrator and protagonist of the story is a man named Montresor, who had previously been insulted by Fortunado. Montresor commits murder in the end through acts of manipulation for the sake of revenge. The Cask of Amontillado is a story to tell the reader that a person will be punished for their wrongdoings and moral weaknesses. Poe tells thisRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown And A Cask Of Amontillado Analysis1110 Words   |  5 PagesYoung Goodman Brown and A Cask of Amontillado both incorporate a gothic theme to the simple yet intricate plotline they hold. Within the two short stories, irony scatters, adding to the overall grim theme. Although they use the same 3 types of irony, the authors use them differently and similarly at the same time. In Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne and A Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allen Poe, there are many examples of situational irony that are used comparably in both texts. DramaticRead MoreThe Masque of the Red Death vs. the Cask of Amontillado1564 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Red Death vs. The Cask of Amontillado â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe are somewhat different. The major themes of these stories differ significantly, as does the emphasis placed on each character which dealt more to The Cask of Amontillado† than to â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† Regardless of this, the stories are similar in many ways. For instance, both belong to the literacy of the gothic genre, it shared a small theme, and the charactersRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1463 Words   |  6 Pagessince Edgar Allan Poe described the death of a gullible fool, yet the taste of a murderer’s Amontillado wine remains bittersweet. Although the work is fictional, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† provides a nefarious and dismal libretto, depicted as a tale of pride, revenge, and a murder in cold blood. Through the use of symbolism, theological allusion, and foreshadowing, Edgar Allan Poe’s †Å"The Cask of Amontillado† suggests taking pride in seeking revenge on enemies is addictive and intoxicating. Edgar

Stereotypes Prejudice. What Are They, And How Do They

Stereotypes Prejudice: What are they, and how do they affect communication? Today we live in a world of diversity, we have thousands of different cultures that all share the same earth. Due to this fact it is important that all of these different cultures, filled with valuable ideas, beliefs, thoughts, and people be able to communicate. There is many barriers that keep people from different cultures from communicating. Some of them are very obvious, and easy to identify such as language, location, and technology barriers. However some of the barriers faced with intercultural communication are less obvious. Out of all the other barriers I believe the two largest are stereotypes and prejudice. These are two very different concepts, and†¦show more content†¦Stereotypes lead to social categorization, which is a contributing reason for prejudice attitudes, the them vs us mentality (McLeod). One of the major problems with stereotypes is that as we learn about different groups, cultures, races, and peopl e, stereotypes about them is stored in our memory(Stangor). We also stereotype more often than most think for example we usually stereo type, by race, gender, cultures, groups, and sexually. There are many negative consequences of stereotyping on out society as well, â€Å"Stereotyping is not only hurtful, it is also wrong. Even if the stereotype is correct in some cases, constantly putting someone down based on your preconceived perceptions will not encourage them to succeed.†(Stereotype Examples). To take an even deeper look at this a common example we see everyday within our government is the use of profiling. Many law enforcement agencies and government agencies such as TSA use profiling. Profiling is, â€Å"A law enforcement practice of scrutinizing certain individuals based on characteristics thought to indicate a likelihood of criminal behavior.†(Jandt pg74). It is often argued that profiling is a practice that is used to help promote the safety of citizens, and that any negative affects cause by profiling are far outweighed by the positive affects. However many feel that this is not true and profiling is a necessary tool used and is a form of stereotyping that unfairly targets minorities. ItShow MoreRelatedThe Personality Of A Executive Who Wears A Suit1340 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In stereotype, people think there are some typically appearance and posture of a leader. The appearance and posture of a typical leader which people usually used to evaluate a leader include tall, a deep voice, a good posture, a touch of grey in his thick, lustrous hair, a fit body and ages. Although there are some people who don’t fit these typical features runs some dynamic businesses in the world. Even Peter Thiel, one of Silicon Valley’s leading investor, introduces a role: neverRead MoreGood and Bad Discrimination1173 Words   |  5 Pagesonly bad discrimination. This comes from people using stereotypes and being prejudice which creates detrimental situations. However, when a person discriminates it does not mean they are trying to be harmful. Discrimination is when one distinctively favors or is against certain groups, categories, people, and classes and or things that may come from them. Discrimination its self is not bad, but the things that can stem from it, are actually what makes people look at it negatively. People discriminateRead MorePrejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesMost people have experienced prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination at some time in his or her life. There is no doubt social discrimination, prejudice, and hostility still create serious problems and challenges, even in today’s apparently more and more individualized and â€Å"enlightened† society. This paper will discuss prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination in the context of social psychology; what the consequences of stereotyping and discrimination are; and strategies to improve attitudesRead MoreThe Perception Of Human Communication948 Words   |  4 Pages Prejudice, Stereotype, and how they affect listening Often humans form opinions about one another that may hinder them from listening to a particular group or person effectively. Two ways listening can be impaired is by stereotypes and prejudices’ formed before a certain person even expresses themselves nonverbally or verbally. According to the book â€Å"Fundamentals of Human Communication† the word stereotype is defined as: â€Å"Rigid and usually negative assumptions about personal and social qualitiesRead MoreThe, Twelve Angry Men, By Reginald Rose866 Words   |  4 Pagestwo main themes that were explored to great lengths throughout the play were prejudices and stereotypes. These themes were both highlighted through the use of three key literary devices; structure, setting and interactions of characters. Prior to act 1, character names are not listed in the structure, the characters are known only as their assigned juror numbers, this is to prevent the audience from developing prejudices of the juror, ‘The 8th Juror gazes out the window. The 12th Juror looks atRead MoreStereotype and Prejudice784 Words   |  4 Pages Stereotypes and Prejudice Worksheet Please complete the following exercises, remembering that you are in an academic setting and should remain unbiased, considerate, and professional when completing this worksheet. Part I Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: * Race * Ethnicity * Religion * Gender * Sexual orientation * Age * Disability Category | Stereotype 1 | Stereotype 2 | StereotypeRead MoreSocial Psychology Assignment699 Words   |  3 Pages1). What is the difference between a stereotype and prejudice? Provide two examples. A stereotype is a generalization about a group of people, such as an ethnic group or a religious group. Stereotypes serve distinct roles as cognitive schemas, allowing people to quickly process new information about an event or person, (Social Psychology: Stereotypes and Prejudice, 2012). They can also help people to meaningfully assess differences between individuals and groups, (Social Psychology: StereotypesRead MoreLow Income Countries Are Affected By Having Limited Access To Health Care Essay1111 Words   |  5 Pageshealthcare systems. Not a very good rank for such a developed country. More importantly, it is not very good for a country that is considered to be a high-income country. It brings up the question asking how other health care systems are in other countries around the world especially in low income countries. What are the affects by having limited access to health care in counties like Guinea, Ethiopia, or Mali? Below are a few ways in which low income countries are affected by having little access to healthRead MoreDiscrimination And Prejudice And Discrimination1608 Words   |  7 Pagesagainst her. Prejudice is a negative attitude toward a socially defined group and toward any person perceived to be a member of that group. The purpose of my research is to talk about discrimination and prejudices and how they affect our day to day lives. In addition to defining prejudice and discrimination, I will look at their relationship to stereotyping and racism. Stereotyping often leads to prejudice and discrimination, its definition almost mirroring that of prejudice. Stereotypes or characterizationsRead MoreEssay on Is Stereotyping Inevitable?1740 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping are important topics at the cause of debating within social psychology. A stereotype is a generalization about a group of people, in which certain traits cling to all members, regardless of actual individual variation (Akert, Aronson, Wilso n, 2010). As humans, people assign objects and individuals into categories to organize the environment. Individuals do this for not only organization, but also survival. Is stereotyping inevitable? That is the

Benefits and challenges of labour migration Free Essays

Migration of people to other countries in search of employment has occurred all through history and it is by no means a new phenomenon. For many of migration workers, migration is a real lifeline, but all too often, they still face exploitation and abuse. Forced labour, low pay, bad working conditions, virtually no social protection, and denial of freedom of association and trade union rights, discrimination, xenophobia and social exclusion – these are just some of the woes that rob migrants of the benefits they could have gained from working abroad. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits and challenges of labour migration or any similar topic only for you Order Now The countries in question can be classified according to their status as sending or receiving country in correspondence to their level of social and economic development. Workers move between them, cascading from poorer to richer countries. In each of the countries, they mainly take jobs in labour-intensive sectors with low skill requirements and low pay. These are most of all construction, agriculture, hotel and catering as well as domestic services. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Migrants defines a migrant worker as a â€Å"person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a state of which he or she is not a resident†. But there is considerable conceptual difficulty in defining a migrant. Migration of labourer takes different forms. In one end, the place of working and residence of the labourer may be different, and the distance covered by daily commuting. At the other end, the worker’s may move permanently from their places of birth or usual place of residence, maintaining little or no contact with their places of origin. Between these two ends, people move away for differing periods of time. Based on how long they are away from their place of origin, the migrants are distinguished as ‘permanent’, ‘semi-permanent’ and ‘temporary’. Labour migration belongs to temporary migration, which is likely to stay away from their places of origin for more than a few months in a year. The temporary migrants are also known as ‘short duration’ migrants, ‘seasonal’ migrants or ‘circulatory’ migrants. The decision to migrate for economic reasons can have both positive and negative consequences. Migrants may secure a better income, have access to better social services, and be able to provide a better education for their children or benefit from the enrichment of becoming a member of a transnational community at ease in different cultures. However, migration may also cause family disruption when family members have to stay behind, and may involve sacrificing a familiar lifestyle and becoming a â€Å"stranger† in a new country. The complexity of the present day migration stream has intensified with distinctions between migrant workers, trainees, tourists, refugees and displaced persons becoming increasingly blurred. The term â€Å"migrants† appears to be broader than the term ‘migrant workers’ and is increasingly used in international discussions of human rights. The traditional explanation of migration as a movement from poor to rich nations is too simplified. There are both economic and non-economic factors affecting these flows. International migration has contributed to growth and prosperity in both host and source countries. Migrant worker remittances represent the second largest international monetary trade flow, exceeded only by petroleum. Migrants also provide a valuable source of semi-skilled and unskilled labour to many industrialising countries and provide a source of highly skilled labour to advanced countries, thereby assisting the latter in maintaining economic competitiveness. Labour migration policies differ from other migration policies directed at migration flows that may also have an impact on labour markets, for example refugee and family reunification, in the sense that they do not have humanitarian objectives but apply economic criteria with a view to responding to labour market needs. Governments at all points on the migration spectrum increasingly recognize the potential of regulatory mechanisms to maximize the positive impact of labour migration. Many sending and receiving countries are developing their regulatory capacities to manage labour mobility by considering the interests of respective governments, societies, and the migrant. Positive tensions for receiving countries: raise total output and incomes in the rich, host countries; increase efficiency in the use of the world’s resources all around, in rich and poor countries; increase the supply of entrepreneurship and stimulate the creation of small business; increase savings, investment, and human capital formation in the rich countries; accelerate the pace of innovation; increase the flow of remittances to poor countries; alleviate the economic problems associated with the aging population in rich countries. Globalization is a major driving force of international labour migration. Globalization has made migration much easier through better communications, dissemination of information through mass media and improved transport. Countries are at different stages of demographic transition, with developing countries typically having younger populations than developed countries. One of the most frequently cited costs of migration is so-called ‘brain drain’ — the loss of educated workers with valuable skills, which can impose large losses on governments that bear the costs of education and training. Brain drain is potentially a concern for all economies, both developing and developed, with some developed economies experiencing significant rates of skilled emigration. The greatest global concern in the area of international labour migration is the unprecedented rise in irregular forms of migration that has occurred in recent years. The numbers of unauthorized migrant workers are increasing in virtually every part of the world. A large proportion of labour migration occurs illegally, aided and abetted by a clandestine and often criminal industry. Increasingly, governments of both sending and receiving countries are developing regulatory mechanisms to manage labour migration. These include selective recruitment policies by countries needing labour, and strong marketing and overseas employment strategies by countries supplying labour. Migrant workers benefit host countries in a number of ways. The overall economic impact of all migrant workers to the UK for example suggests that they make a positive net contribution of around  £2.5 billion to the public accounts. There are huge implications for sending countries as a result of out-migration, the most crucial of which are the loss of expertise and skills. This brain drain is particularly acute in developing countries, especially where the move abroad is permanent. Public services, such as health, education and social services, are losing large numbers of skilled workers to migration. Structural changes and decreasing investment in the public sector has increased the pressure on public sector workers to migrate, as shown by trends in the health and education sectors. Although many economic migrants work in relatively low-paid jobs they regularly send money home to their families and relatives. However, it is difficult to estimate the scale of these remittances to sending countries because of the often informal manner in which they are returned, but there is little doubt that they contribute to the national income of the countries involved, and act as a stimulus to longer-term economic growth. Migrant workers who return home bring experience and knowledge from working in another country. This benefits the home country as a whole by adding to its pool of talented workers, particularly where the skills are relevant to the needs of the home economy and the migrant workers are willing to use them upon return. It also benefits the individual worker who will have developed through contact with people possessing a range of human, intellectual and professional skills. Access to educational and language courses in the host country should open up opportunities for career promotion at home and assist the personal development of each worker. Bibliography International Organisation for Migration. 2005. World Migration 2005. Costs and Benefits of International Migration. Kothari, U. (2002). Migration and chronic poverty. Chronic Poverty Research Centre. Institute for Development Policy and Management. University of Manchester. Working Paper No. 16. Linard, Andre. (1998). Migration and globalization: The new slaves. Brussels: ICFTU, July. Stalker, Peter. (2000). Workers without frontiers: The impact of globalization on international migration. International Labour Office, Geneva. World Economic and Social Survey. (2004). International migration trends Chapter11. World Health Organisation. Health and Human Rights Publications Series. Issue No.4 (December 2003). International Migration, Health and Human Rights.    How to cite Benefits and challenges of labour migration, Essay examples

Mars 3 Essay Example For Students

Mars 3 Essay The net Mars is an interesting and mysterious planet. It is often referred to as the â€Å"Red Planet.† The rocks, soil, and sky all have a red hue on account of rust. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun at about 141 million miles (228 million kilometers) and the last terrestrial planet from the Sun. Mars follows closely behind Earth but is comparatively smaller, with about half the diameter of Earth (6,794-km) and about one-tenth of Earth’s mass (6.419 x 1023 kg). Thus the force of gravity on Mars is about one-third of that on Earth. Mars is probably the planet we know the most about since it is so close to Earth, though what we know now is not even close to everything about the planet. As time goes on, our knowledge of this mysterious planet will expand. AtmosphereThe atmosphere of Mars is quite different from that of Earth. It is composed primarily of carbon dioxide with small amounts of other gases. The six most common components of the atmosphere are Carbon Dioxide at 95.32%; Nitrogen at 2.7%; Argon at 1.6%; Oxygen at 0.13%; Water at 0.03%; and Neon at 0.00025 %. Martian air contains only about 1/1,000 as much water as our air, but even this small amount can condense out, forming clouds that rise high in the atmosphere or swirl around the slopes of towering volcanoes. Local patches of early morning fog can form in valleys. At the Viking Lander 2 site, a thin layer of water frost covered the ground each winter. There is evidence that in the past a denser Martian atmosphere may have allowed water to flow on the planet. Physical features closely resembling shorelines, gorges, riverbeds and islands suggest that great rivers once marked the planet. Temperature Mars is smaller and, because of its greater distance from the Sun, cooler th an the eearth. It has seasons similar to Earths because the tilt of its rotational axis to the plane of its orbit about the Sun is about the same as earths. Interestingly, unlike Earth the significant elliptical shape of the Martian orbit means that the seasons on Mars are also affected by varying distance from the Sun. In the case of earth, because of its almost circular orbit, our seasons result simply from the tilt of the earths rotational axis. The average recorded temperature on Mars is -81 F (-63 C) with a maximum temperature of 68 F (20 C) and a minimum of -220 F (-140 C). Barometric pressure varies at each landing site on a semiannual basis. Carbon dioxide, the major component of the atmosphere, freezes out to form an immense polar cap, alternately at each pole. The carbon dioxide forms a great cover of snow and then evaporates again with the coming of spring in each hemisphere. The InteriorThe current understanding of the interior of Mars suggests that it has a thin crust, similar to Earths, a mantle and a core. Using four criteria, the Martian core size and mass can be determined. However, only three out of the four are known and include the total mass, size of Mars, and the moment of inertia. Mass and size were determined accurately from early missions. The moment of inertia was determined from Viking lander and Pathfinder Doppler data. The fourth parameter, needed to complete the interior model, will be obtained from future spacecraft missions. With the three known parameters, the model is significantly confined. If the Martian core were composed of iron similar to Earths or meteorites thought to originate from Mars, then the minimum core radius would be about 1300 kilometers. If the core were made out of less-dense material such as a mixture of sulfur and iron, the maximum radius would probably be less than 2000 kilometers. The SurfaceAlthough it is much smaller, Mars does have the same surface land area as Earth. Other than Earth, Mars posses the most highly varied and interesting known terrain in our solar system. The surface of Mars is a very hostile place; however, it is more like Earth’s surface than any other planet in our solar system. Much of the Martian surface is rough and full of craters, but expansive flat plains and smooth hills can also be found. Unlike any other planet, there is a striking difference between the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars; one is extremely rough and old while the other is young and relatively smooth. The southern hemisphere is scattered with ancient craters of all sizes and is also elevated by a several kilometers, which creates a visible boundary. On the opposite end, the northern hemisphere consists of a wider variety of geological features, but is obviously smoother and much younger. There are large volcanoes, a great rift valley, and a variety of channels. VolcanoesVolcanism is a geological process that occurs on earth today, and has on many planetary bodies throughou t the history of the solar system. No volcanism is occurring on the surface of Mars today. In the past, however, volcanism was one of the main forces creating and reshaping the surface of the planet. All of the rocks that have been observed by the Viking landers and the Mars Pathfinder Rover are generally agreed to be volcanic in origin. Tharsis is the largest volcanic region on Mars. It is approximately four thousand kilometers across, ten kilometers high, and contains twelve large volcanoes. The largest volcanoes in the Tharsis region are four shield volcanoes named Ascraeus Mons, Pavonis Mons, Arsia Mons, and Olympus Mons. The Tharsis Montes (Ascraeus, Pavonis, and Arsia) are located on the crest of the crustal bulge and their summits are about the same elevation as the summit of Olympus Mons, the largest of the Tharsis volcanoes. While not the largest of the Tharsis volcanoes, Arsis Mons has the largest caldera on Mars, having a diameter of one hundred twenty kilometers! The lar gest of the volcanoes in the Tharsis region, as well as all known volcanoes in the solar system, is Olympus Mons. Olympus Mons is a shield volcano 624-km in diameter and 25-km high. A caldera 80-km wide is located at the summit of Olympus Mons. To compare, the largest volcano on earth is Mauna Loa. Mauna Loa is a shield volcano 10 km high and 120 km across. The volume of Olympus Mons is about one hundred times larger than that of Mauna Loa. In fact, the entire chain of Hawaiian Islands would fit inside Olympus Mons!The main difference between the volcanoes on Mars and Earth is their size; volcanoes in the Tharsis region of Mars are ten to one hundred times larger than those anywhere on Earth. The lava flows on the Martian surface are observed to be much longer, probably a result of higher eruption rates and lower surface gravity. The less the gravitational pull, the higher volcanoes can grow without collapsing under their own weight. .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c , .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .postImageUrl , .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c , .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c:hover , .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c:visited , .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c:active { border:0!important; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c:active , .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5c2e4aa3ac068e659f7b01b1ce052c8c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Incident At Bhopal EssayValleysValles Marineris, or Mariner Valley, is a vast canyon system that runs along the Martian equator just east of the Tharsis region. Valles Marineris is 4000-km long and reaches depths of up to 7 km! For comparison, the Grand Canyon in Arizona is about 800 km long and 1.6 km deep. In fact, the extent of Valles Marineris is as long as the United States and it spans about 20 percent of the entire distance around Mars! The canyon extends from the Noctis Labyrinthus region in the west to the chaotic terrain in the east. Most researchers agree that Valles Marineris is a large tectonic â€Å"crack† in the Martian crust, forming as the planet co oled, affected by the rising crust in the Tharsis region to the west, and then widened by erosional forces. However, near the eastern flanks of the rift there appear to be some channels that may have been formed by water. The Tharsis bulge has a profound effect on the appearance, weather, and climate of Mars. It’s enormous mass may have dramatically changed the climate by changing the rotation of Mars. Moons Mars has two small moons: Phobos and Deimos. They were named after the sons of the Greek war god Ares, who was the counterpart to the Roman war god Mars. American astronomer Asaph Hall discovered both moons in 1877. The moons appear to have surface materials similar to many asteroids in the outer asteroid belt, which leads most scientists to believe that Phobos and Deimos are captured asteroids. Phobos’ mean distance from Mars is 9,377-km and Deimos’ is 23,436-km. The mass of Phobos is 10.8 x 1015 kg and the mass of Deimos is 1.8 x 1015 kg, which is quite small. This also suggests their being asteroids pulled into orbit around Mars. Extraterrestrial Life?Mars has been the subject of much discussion lately, mostly because of the bacteria-like material found in a piece of a meteorite from Mars in 1996. Before space exploration, Mars was considered the best candidate for harboring extraterrestrial life. Astronomers thought they saw straight lines crisscrossing its su rface. This led to the popular belief that irrigation canals on the planet had been constructed by intelligent beings. Another reason for scientists to expect life on Mars had to do with the apparent seasonal color changes on the planets surface. This phenomenon led to speculation that conditions might support a bloom of Martian vegetation during the warmer months and cause plant life to become dormant during colder periods. In July of 1965, the Mariner 4 transmitted 22 close-up pictures of Mars. All that was revealed by these pictures was a surface containing many craters and naturally occurring channels, but no evidence of artificial canals or flowing water. Finally, in July and September 1976, Viking Landers 1 and 2 touched down on the surface of Mars. The three biology experiments aboard the landers discovered unexpected chemical activity in the Martian soil, but provided no clear evidence for the presence of living microorganisms in the soil near the landing sites. According to mission biologists, Mars is self-sterilizing. They believe the combination of solar ultraviolet radiation that saturates the surface, the extreme dryness of the soil, and the oxidizing nature of the soil chemistry prevent the formation of living organisms in the Martian soil. The question of life on Mars at some time in the distant past remains open. Mars is a planet full of mysteries just waiting to be discovered. It could perhaps hold the answer to questions we have been asking ourselves for years, such as the origin of life on earth. Is it possible that in the past there was water running on Mars, and when the end came, the beings there moved to earth? The answer is yes, for when we are dealing with space, anything is conceivable. We must keep our minds open to anything, for as we continue to search the space around us, we will continue to make new discoveries. The best way to say this is to use a quote from Star Trek, â€Å"Space: The final frontier.†